The period between October and November 2024 saw several crucial discussions and analyses presented by various French think tanks, covering topics that are pivotal to contemporary political, economic, and environmental scenarios. These think tanks delve into areas such as social protection in the Arab region, advocating for adaptive policies that address socio-economic crises, showcasing the role of taxes in funding essential social programs, and examining the ramifications of governmental actions on environmental sustainability and international relations.

Think tanks such as the Arab Reform Initiative emphasized the importance of social protection mechanisms post-COVID-19, analyzing critical failings in various governmental infrastructures, particularly in the context of Lebanon’s ongoing energy crisis. Similarly, the global agricultural network CGIAR highlighted the urgency of implementing just transitions in economies affected by climate change, advocating for clarity in international negotiations, especially regarding the financing of losses and damages faced by the most vulnerable communities.

Further discussions from side organizations like the Institut Montaigne and IRIS focused on the resilience of Europe in light of geopolitical tensions, underscoring the need for sustainable economic policies that integrate environmental conservation with development goals. These insights anticipated the transformative challenges ahead, such as those embodied in the upcoming U.S. elections, which have implications for transatlantic relations and global stability.

Selected publications

Arab Reform Initiative

The Arab Reform Initiative is a think tank focused on promoting democratic governance, civil rights, and socio-economic development in the Arab region.

Social Protection – Arab Reform Initiative [Research]
Research description: The Social Protection Program focuses on mapping socio-economic impacts of crises, designing inclusive policies, and promoting universal social protection in the Arab region as means to recover post-COVID-19.
Quote: “We consider social protection to be the primary responsibility of the State, and a manifestation of the social contracts that tie citizens and residents to their States.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Arab Reform Initiative
Author: Farah Al Shami – Senior Fellow and Program Director – Social Protection, Arab Reform Initiative
Countries: Arab Region

Journalists Face the Daunting Task of Deciphering Lebanon’s Energy Crisis [Commentary]
Commentary description: The energy crisis in Lebanon is a result of economic collapse, poor governance, and social inequity, despite the rise of solar energy solutions. The failures in the electricity sector are tied to a corrupt and ineffective political system.
Quote: “Energy reform is no longer just a matter of big money or fighting cronyism, but a matter of life and death.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Arab Reform Initiative
Author: Suzanne Baaklini – Journalist specialist in environmental issues
Countries: Lebanon

Property Taxes: Missed Opportunities for Funding Universal Social Protection in Lebanon, Morocco, and Jordan? [Research]
Research description: The publication argues that implementing property taxes can significantly improve funding for social protection programs in Lebanon, Morocco, and Jordan, where tax collection is currently very low.
Quote: “Property taxes appear to be an effective solution to many social protection issues in our region.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Arab Reform Initiative
Author: Osama Diab – Expert in Social and Economic Rights
Countries: Lebanon, Morocco, Jordan

CGIAR

CGIAR is the world’s largest global agricultural innovation network, aiming towards a world free of poverty, hunger, and environmental degradation.

Just Transition – COP29 Negotiation Updates [News]
News description: The just transition focuses on shifting to a low-carbon economy with social equity, emphasizing targeted measures from governments and the importance of multi-stakeholder approaches. Strong emphasis is placed on financing mechanisms, gender inclusion, and protecting vulnerable communities during economic transitions.
Quote: “The just transition means different things to different groups, underscoring the importance of an inclusive, diverse multi-stakeholder approach to categorically ensure no one is left behind.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR, FAO
Author: CGIAR –
Countries: –

Loss and Damage – COP29 Updates [News]
News description: The publication outlines the significant advancements and challenges regarding Loss and Damage at COP29, particularly focusing on operationalizing the Loss and Damage Fund, addressing agricultural financing, and the involvement of Indigenous Peoples in the discussions.
Quote: “The urgency of addressing Loss and Damage has grown significantly in recent COP negotiations.”
Mentioned individuals: Ibrahima Cheikh Diong
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR
Author: CGIAR Climate Impact Platform – CGIAR is a global research partnership dedicated to transforming food, land, and water systems in a climate crisis.
Countries: –

Global Goal on Adaptation – COP29 Negotiation Update [News]
News description: The Global Goal on Adaptation aims to enhance adaptive capacity and resilience against climate change, with ongoing efforts to develop measurable indicators and targets.
Quote: “These indicators are critical for tracking adaptive capacity, addressing social and environmental factors, and guiding targeted actions to support climate-impacted communities in achieving global food security and resilience.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR
Author: CGIAR –
Countries: –

CGIAR evidence backs call to protect 90 million people on the frontlines of the climate crisis [Post]
Post description: Climate change exacerbates vulnerabilities for forcibly displaced people, necessitating urgent actions to safeguard these populations.
Quote: “We have to use this evidence and data to coerce decision-makers into making decisions that they have been reluctant to make thus far.” – Andrew Harper
Mentioned individuals: Andrew Harper, Alessandro Craparo
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR, UNHCR
Author: Ibukun Taiwo –
Countries: Kenya, Somalia, Bangladesh

Climate Resilience – CGIAR [Research]
Research description: This initiative supports countries in building equitable and sustainable futures through improved climate adaptation strategies.
Quote: “Climate change and food insecurity are interconnected crises that require transformative solutions.”
Mentioned individuals: Salma Kadry
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR, United Nations World Food Programme, various NGOs
Author: Martin Njoroge Kimani – Researcher in the CGIAR Initiative on Climate Resilience, focusing on climate adaptation strategies.
Countries: Guatemala, Kenya, Morocco, Philippines, Senegal, Zambia

Cultivating Connections for Sustainable Small-Scale Feed Production and Commercialization in Ethiopia [Post]
Post description: Addressing feed scarcity through local production, empowerment of youth and women, and promoting sustainable agriculture practices.
Quote: “With the support of organizations like ICARDA and the dedication of local farmers, Ethiopia is poised to achieve greater heights in livestock production.”
Mentioned individuals: Ayelech Mamo
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR, ICARDA
Author: M. Zeleke – Author affiliated with CGIAR, involved in research and implementation of agricultural innovations.
Countries: Ethiopia

Advancing gender and intersectionality in agricultural policy: Insights from Tropentag 2024 [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The integration of gender and diverse social identities is essential for effective agricultural policies to address the challenges posed by climate change.
Quote: “Incorporating gender perspectives is not just a goal but a necessity for equitable agricultural policies that can withstand the test of climate change.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: CGIAR
Author: Urbani, I. – Researcher focusing on gender and agricultural policy within the CGIAR framework.
Countries: –

Fondation pour l’Innovation Politique (Fondapol)

A liberal, progressive, and European think tank that contributes to the pluralism of thought and the renewal of public debate.

La crise électorale de la démocratie [Post]
Post description: Elections do not always guarantee democracy; acceptance of results by candidates and voters is crucial.
Quote: “L’élection ne suffit pas à garantir la démocratie. Les résultats ne sont pas toujours acceptés, par les candidats et par les électeurs même s’il n’y a pas eu d’irregularité.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Fondation pour l’innovation politique
Author: Dominique Reynie – Director of the Foundation for Political Innovation, expert in political sciences.
Countries: France

The Last Antisemitic Temptation of the Left [News]
News description: Growth of antisemitism and its manifestations within leftist political contexts.
Quote: “The penetration of antisemitism is 38.8% among Muslims compared to 17% for the average French.”
Mentioned individuals: Anne-Sophie Sebban-Béchache, Dominique Reynié, François Legrand, Sarah Perez-Pariente, Simone Rodan-Benzaquen
Mentioned Organizations: Fondapol, Ifop, American Jewish Committee
Author: Jean Quatremer – Journalist known for covering European affairs.
Countries: France

Immigration: l’Europe se dirige-t-elle vers un nouveau durcissement de l’accueil des étrangers? [News]
News description: The article investigates the potential new measures and policies being considered by European nations regarding immigration and border security.
Quote: “L’immigration est au cœur du Conseil européen qui débute ce jeudi 17 octobre.”
Mentioned individuals: Dominique Reynié
Mentioned Organizations: European Council
Author: Matthieu Belliard –
Countries: Europe

Présidentielle américaine: «Kamala Harris n’a pas réussi à formuler un discours d’unité» [Analysis]
Analysis description: Kamala Harris’s struggle to present a united front in her speech amidst the political landscape.
Quote: «Kamala Harris n’a pas réussi à formuler un discours d’unité»
Mentioned individuals: Kamala Harris
Mentioned Organizations: Fondapol
Author: Christophe de Voogd – Specialist in political rhetoric and scientific director of Fondapol.
Countries: United States

L’AfD : l’extrême droite allemande dans l’impasse [Research]
Research description: The AfD has seen a significant rise in electoral support amidst a fractured political landscape in Germany, particularly highlighted by its performance in recent regional elections. The publication discusses the implications of the party’s ideology, the impact of socio-economic factors, and the shifting public perceptions towards immigration and security issues.
Quote: “L’AfD est désormais un acteur majeur de la vie politique allemande… Il a opéré une véritable mue, passant de l’identité d’un parti de protestation à celle d’un parti d’adhésion capable de façonner un corpus idéologique singulier.”
Mentioned individuals: Olaf Scholz, Sahra Wagenknecht
Mentioned Organizations: AfD, European Parliament, Coalition Ampel
Author: Patrick Moreau – Doctor in History, Doctorate in Political Science (FNSP), CNRS, specialist in extremist parties in Europe.
Countries: Germany

Sinistrée de Ciaran et lâchée par son assurance, elle raconte : « C’était trop cher et trop risqué » [News]
News description: A personal account of the challenges faced due to climatic changes and the inadequacy of insurance in addressing such crises.
Quote: « C’était trop cher et trop risqué »
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Fondation pour l’innovation politique
Author: Carole Tymen – Journalist known for covering regional news and human interest stories.
Countries: France

Sur les réseaux sociaux, parler à des humains va devenir mission impossible [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: AI-driven accounts are flooding the web, making it challenging to differentiate between authentic and fake interactions.
Quote: “Les agents logiciels envahissent le Web. Dopés à l’IA, ces faux comptes sont difficiles à distinguer de ceux d’authentiques abonnés.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Fondapol
Author: Robin Rivaton – General Director of Stonal and member of the scientific council of the Foundation for Political Innovation (Fondapol)
Countries: –

IDDRI Institute for Sustainable Development and International Relations

IDDRI focuses on sustainable development and international relations, addressing key environmental and policy issues.

Scientific models trust the land to soak up lots of CO₂ – the reality is a lot more messy [Op-ed]
Op-ed description: Economic models may give a false sense of security regarding carbon removal’s effectiveness in combating climate change.
Quote: “this bet on future large-scale carbon removal risks becoming a ‘get out of jail free’ clause that allows high emissions to continue inflaming the climate crisis.”
Mentioned individuals: Alexandra Deprez, Kate Dooley
Mentioned Organizations: King’s College London
Author: O.I. Perkins – Researcher at King’s College London specializing in climate issues.
Countries: –

From COP29 to COP30: Accelerating adaptation and avoiding further delays [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The blog emphasizes the importance of developing a collective vision for adaptation, grounded in international cooperation and effective implementation of adaptation strategies. It criticizes current approaches to adaptation as being reactive and insufficiently ambitious, calling for enhanced action to meet the escalating climate risks.
Quote: “As climate change accelerates, the gap between what is needed to adapt and what is being done is widening.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: IPCC, UNFCCC
Author: Adèle Tanguy; Richard J.T. Klein – Research Fellow, Adaptation to climate change; Senior Research Fellow, Stockholm Environment Institute
Countries: –

Just transition: the rise of social justice in climate negotiations [Podcast]
Podcast description: Just transition addresses the ethical dimensions of climate change, seeking to ensure fairness in the processes and impacts of climate action.
Quote: “Equity has a central and moral role in climate negotiations.”
Mentioned individuals: Sophie Larmoyer
Mentioned Organizations: IDDRI
Author: Marta Torres Gunfaus – Director, Climate Programme
Countries: –

After US elections, Africa and Europe should strengthen partnership for green industrialization [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: A stronger partnership for green industrialization between Africa and Europe can enhance climate competitiveness and address shared industrial challenges, especially as the U.S. shifts its climate policies.
Quote: “Africa can offer climate competitiveness; Europe needs it.”
Mentioned individuals: Ursula von der Leyen, Maroš Šefčovič
Mentioned Organizations: IDDRI
Author: Sébastien Treyer – Executive Director
Countries: United States, Africa, Europe

From COP29 to COP30: Accelerating adaptation and avoiding further delays [Blog Post]
Blog Post description: The need for urgent action in climate adaptation to meet targets set at COP events.
Quote: “We must prioritize adaptation efforts to ensure resilience against climate impacts.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: –
Author: Adèle Tanguy – Climate policy expert with a focus on adaptation strategies.
Countries: –

Shipping in transition: IMO’s timely negotiations for a net-zero Future [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: Focus on the need for urgent negotiations within the IMO to set pathways towards a zero-carbon maritime sector.
Quote: “The shipping industry must adapt swiftly to meet the global net-zero goals established by climate agreements.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: International Maritime Organization
Author: Marie Fricaudet –
Countries: –

COP 29 de Bakou sur le climat : la finance au premier plan [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The relationship between international solidarity and climate ambition as manifest in the NCQG, financial pledges made by developed nations, and the need for a robust mechanism guiding the flow of funds to developing countries.
Quote: “En 2009, les pays développés se sont engagés à « fournir et mobiliser » la somme emblématique de 100 milliards de dollars par an d’ici à 2020.”
Mentioned individuals: Mukhtar Babayev
Mentioned Organizations: UNFCCC, OECD
Author: Lola Vallejo – Special Climate Advisor
Countries: Azerbaijan

COP 16: an important milestone for equity despite major disagreements [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The publication outlines significant achievements from COP 16, such as the establishment of a subsidiary body dedicated to including indigenous peoples and local communities, and a new fund aimed at financing biodiversity protection. However, it also underscores ongoing issues regarding financial mobilization and the importance of civil society participation.
Quote: “The recent establishment of the Cali Fund is a promising success towards recognizing equitable benefit-sharing from the use of genetic resources.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Convention on Biological Diversity, –
Author: Juliette Landry – Research Manager, International Governance of Biodiversity
Countries: Colombia, –

The Maritime Transport in Transition: A Review of the IMO Negotiations [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The imperative for transitioning maritime transport towards sustainability and the role of international negotiations.
Quote: “The current negotiations represent a crucial step towards a greener future in maritime transport.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: International Maritime Organization
Author: Marie Fricaudet – Researcher with expertise in maritime transport policies and sustainable development.
Countries: –

Institut Jacques Delors

The Jacques Delors Institute is a European think tank focused on issues affecting Europe and its integration.

Five lessons from America [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: Drawing parallels between the political landscape in America and Europe, focusing on governance and policy implications.
Quote: “Europe must learn from the challenges and lessons that the United States is currently facing.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Jacques Delors
Author: Nicole Gnesotto – Expert on European affairs, former Deputy Director of the Institute Jacques Delors.
Countries: USA, France

How stringent would the new Stability and Growth Pact be? And for who? [Policy Brief]
Policy Brief description: The reform of the Stability and Growth Pact will differentiate fiscal adjustment requirements based on the debt sustainability risks of Member States.
Quote: “Rather than Germany, it might be some of the high-debt countries which could derail the reform process in the end.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Jacques Delors Institute, European Commission
Author: Andreas Eisl – Economist at the Jacques Delors Institute; specializes in economic policy analysis.
Countries: France, Germany, EU Member States

Harris vs. Trump on Trade Policy: The Good, the Bad, or Just Ugly? [Research]
Research description: The paper provides insights on how US trade policy may shift depending on the election outcome, highlighting the contrasting strategies of the two candidates.
Quote: “Under Trump, trade policy would likely be more aggressive, centred on tariffs, isolationism, and protectionism.”
Mentioned individuals: Donald Trump, Kamala Harris
Mentioned Organizations: Jacques Delors Institute
Author: Micol Bertolini – Researcher with a focus on international trade policy.
Countries: United States

Securing the Baltic: a European necessity [Brief]
Brief description: The Baltic region poses a significant security challenge for Europe due to the shifting geopolitical dynamics with Russia. The publication argues that European countries must prioritize the security of the Baltic to maintain stability and prosperity.
Quote: “Europeans must not be lulled into complacency by the belief that the Atlantic Alliance alone will discourage Russian initiatives in this area.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: NATO, European Union
Author: Cyrille Bret – Senior researcher specializing in European security and geopolitics.
Countries: Russia, European Union

Cinq leçons d’Amérique [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The article emphasizes the challenges to democracy ensuing from recent political shifts in the United States and identifies a globalized crisis affecting multiple democracies. It highlights the negative impact of these changes, especially on women’s rights.
Quote: “Le combat des femmes n’est pas une anecdote de l’histoire. Il est l’Histoire avec un grand H…”
Mentioned individuals: Donald Trump, Vladimir Poutine, Elon Musk, Victor Orban
Mentioned Organizations: ONU-Femmes, Jacques Delors Institute
Author: Nicole Gnesotto – Nicole Gnesotto is a prominent researcher and leader at the Jacques Delors Institute, focusing on European affairs and international relations.
Countries: USA, Iran, Afghanistan, Europe

The New European Commission: How to Use It [Infographic]
Infographic description: The infographic presents essential information on how the new European Commission is structured and its operational mode.
Quote: “The new Commission represents a fresh start for Europe, emphasizing innovation and collaboration across member states.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Jacques Delors Institute
Author: Christine Verger – Senior Researcher at the Jacques Delors Institute with expertise in European governance.
Countries: European Union

Il faut relancer l’élargissement européen sur le principe d’intégration graduelle [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The publication advocates for a renewed approach to EU enlargement, emphasizing the importance of integrating neighboring countries and addressing their legitimate aspirations to join the EU.
Quote: “C’est en s’élargissant que la construction lancée en 1950 devient véritablement ‘européenne’.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Jacques Delors
Author: Lukáš Macek – Researcher focused on European integration and international relations.
Countries: –

Les Européens, l’Amérique et l’Ukraine [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The main ideas revolve around the need for Europe to develop clear responses and strategies to the changing dynamics of American politics and its implications for Europe, especially regarding Ukraine’s future and NATO’s role.
Quote: “Il est urgentissime que la France, l’Allemagne, l’Italie, l’Espagne et la Pologne convoquent un dîner informel puis un sommet spécial sur l’avenir de la relation euro-américaine.”
Mentioned individuals: Joe Biden, Donald Trump, Volodymyr Zelensky, Kamala Harris
Mentioned Organizations: European Union, NATO
Author: Nicole Gnesotto – Professor and expert on European affairs, known for her work on the geopolitical dynamics of Europe.
Countries: Ukraine, United States, France, Germany, Italy, Spain, Poland

L’avant-garde européenne, un nouveau centre de gravité pour l’Europe [Speech]
Speech description: The speech emphasizes the importance of addressing institutional questions in order to clarify the future direction of Europe.
Quote: « Vous vous rappelez sans doute qu’il y a six ou huit mois, lorsque certains d’entre nous en France ou ailleurs, posaient des questions sur le devenir de l’Europe, on nous répondait par un silence assourdissant. »
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Jacques Delors
Author: Jacques Delors – Former President of the European Commission, known for his significant contributions to the shaping of the European Union.
Countries: France, Europe

Institut économique Molinari

The Institut économique Molinari (IEM) is a research and educational organization. It aims to undertake and stimulate the economic approach in the analysis of public policies.

Pas de réindustrialisation sans démontement des impôts de production [News]
News description: High production taxes in France significantly hinder industrial growth and employment, necessitating their removal for effective reindustrialization.
Quote: La fiscalité de production est particulièrement délétère pour les activités à marges cycliques…
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut économique Molinari
Author: Institut économique Molinari –
Countries: France

En protection sociale, fusion ne rime pas avec économies [Post]
Post description: The publication emphasizes that merging social security systems may not yield expected cost savings and could detrimentally affect service quality. It advocates for alternative approaches to enhance the efficiency of social protection.
Quote: “Les frais de fonctionnement, s’ils ne sont pas rapportés à la création de valeur de l’institution, ne sont en aucun cas un indicateur valable.”
Mentioned individuals: Emmanuel Macron
Mentioned Organizations: Institut économique Molinari
Author: Nicolas Marques – Director General of the Institut économique Molinari, with a background in economics and policy analysis.
Countries: France

Sans réformes structurelles, pas de crédibilité [News]
News description: The necessity of restructuring social protection systems to adapt to an aging population and to reduce the state’s reliance on mandatory levies.
Quote: “Tant que cet agenda ne sera pas traité, nos gouvernements se condamneront à prendre des mesures alimentant l’exaspération fiscale sans pour autant colmater les déficits.”
Mentioned individuals: Emmanuel Macron
Mentioned Organizations: Institut économique Molinari
Author: Nicolas Marques – Director General of the Institut économique Molinari, with a background in economic policy analysis and public finance.
Countries: France

Institut Montaigne

The Institut Montaigne proposes studies and debates on public policies in the service of the general interest. It is located at the confluence of reflection and action, ideas and decision-making.

Decoding France: the New French government [Report]
Report description: The French political landscape is now divided into three blocs, the challenges of avoiding a vote of no-confidence, restoring trust in politics, and passing the 2025 budget.
Quote: “There is no single majority today, instead we have three distinct blocs.”
Mentioned individuals: Michel Barnier, Marine Le Pen, Emmanuel Macron
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Blanche Leridon – Executive Director, Editorial and Resident Fellow – Democracy and Governance
Countries: France

Taiwan and Trump 2.0: Partner or Bargaining Chip? [Post]
Post description: The report discusses the potential impact of Trump’s re-election on Taiwan’s security and economic landscape, particularly regarding military spending and international negotiations.
Quote: “Could a second Trump administration attempt to negotiate Taiwan’s future directly with Beijing?”
Mentioned individuals: Donald Trump
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Mathieu Duchâtel – Resident Senior Fellow and Director of International Studies
Countries: Taiwan, United States

China’s Economic Recovery Plan: Enough to Restore Confidence? [Post]
Post description: The Chinese government has announced significant measures to stimulate its economy, which reflect a new urgency in responding to the ongoing economic crisis, influenced by external advice and past experiences.
Quote: “These measures increase public deficits, but are as ineffective as pulling on a string to boost consumption.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Philippe Aguignier – Senior Fellow – Asia
Countries: China

Présidentielle américaine : Trump II [Report]
Report description: The report discusses the implications of a potential Trump presidency on various policy areas including democracy, transatlantic relations, and geopolitical challenges.
Quote: “Quelles seront les conséquences d’un second mandat Trump pour la démocratie et les institutions américaines?”
Mentioned individuals: Donald Trump, Joe Biden
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: François Godement – Senior Policy Advisor at Institut Montaigne, expert in international relations and transatlantic relations.
Countries: United States

COP29: Trump, Chine, financement et illusions [Report]
Report description: The report analyzes the implications of the COP29 climate summit driven by geopolitical tensions, focusing on the roles of the United States, China, and the need for financial commitments to combat climate change.
Quote: For the economic prosperity and decarbonization to be reconciled, the European example will be crucial, as the author demonstrates.
Mentioned individuals: Donald Trump
Mentioned Organizations: –
Author: Joseph Dellatte – Expert Résident – Climat, énergie et environnement
Countries: United States, China, Azerbaijan

Examen parlementaire du budget 2025 : un choc fiscal, à quel prix ? [Research]
Research description: The publication discusses the political context of the budget review and highlights the potential for increased public spending without structural reform, leading to a growing fiscal deficit.
Quote: “La prise de conscience budgétaire semble peu à même d’entraîner les réformes structurelles dont la France, remarquable pour l’inefficience de sa dépense publique, a besoin.”
Mentioned individuals: Nicolas Laine
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Lisa Thomas-Darbois – Director of Studies France and Resident Expert
Countries: France

Élections américaines : le monde après le 5 novembre 2024 [Post]
Post description: The upcoming U.S. elections will significantly affect transatlantic relations and the global order. Each candidate represents different approaches to U.S. foreign policy, potentially altering the current dynamics of global power.
Quote: “The consequences of these elections on transatlantic relations and the global order will have profound implications.”
Mentioned individuals: Kamala Harris, Donald Trump
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Soli Özel – Associate Expert – International Relations and Turkey
Countries: United States

Biodiversité et économie : les inséparables [Research]
Research description: The report provides six recommendations aimed at institutionalizing biodiversity into economic models, indicating that integrating biodiversity is crucial for sustainable development and resilience against climate challenges.
Quote: “The solutions to preserve biodiversity exist. The challenge now is to create a common framework to accelerate their implementation.” – Sébastien Daziano
Mentioned individuals: Pierre Dubreuil, Hervé Navellou, Sébastien Daziano
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Yasmina Tadlaoui – Resident expert – Biodiversity at Institut Montaigne
Countries: France

Budget 2025 – Taxe sucre: repenser la formule [Report]
Report description: The report advocates for a reform of sugar taxation to enhance its efficiency and acceptance among stakeholders, suggesting a more targeted approach to address excessive sugar consumption among youth.
Quote: “La fiscalité nutritionnelle est un sujet récurrent dans le paysage politique français. Souvent envisagées pour orienter les comportements alimentaires, ces taxes sont cependant critiquées pour leur efficacité limitée et leur impact régressif.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Hugues Bernard – Chargé de projets – Climat et environnement
Countries: France

Antibiorésistance : l’épidémie à traiter [Report]
Report description: The rising antibiotic resistance is a significant global health issue, compounded by the growing misuse of antibiotics in France. The publication underscores the importance of collective responsibility and policy action to mitigate this epidemic.
Quote: “Les antibiotiques, c’est pas automatique” : Presented as a slogan that highlights the necessity of careful antibiotic use amid the ongoing resistance crisis.
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Léo-Paul Caron, Margaux Tellier-Poulain – Project Leaders – Health and Social Protection
Countries: France, Europe

Budget 2025 – Améliorer la rémunération du travail : volonté partagée, action limitée ? [Post]
Post description: The publication highlights the necessity of addressing the rising cost of living and improving work remuneration, the political disagreements surrounding budgetary proposals, and the strategic importance of reforming the social security financing system to enhance public confidence and economic viability.
Quote: “Il faut que le travail paie plus”, tels ont été les mots du Premier ministre, Michel Barnier.
Mentioned individuals: Michel Barnier
Mentioned Organizations: Institut Montaigne
Author: Nicolas Laine, Lisa Thomas-Darbois – Nicolas Laine – Project Manager, Publications Studies France; Lisa Thomas-Darbois – Director of Studies France and Resident Expert
Countries: France

Ukraine: a “victory plan” to restore peace? [Post]
Post description: The report discusses Zelensky’s proposals to partner countries for military and diplomatic support, emphasizing the necessity for Western alliances to ensure Ukraine’s sovereignty and future security.
Quote: “Ukraine is open to diplomacy, but from a position of strength,” highlighted President Zelensky.
Mentioned individuals: Volodymyr Zelensky
Mentioned Organizations: European Union, NATO
Author: Bernard Chappedelaine – Former advisor for foreign affairs
Countries: Ukraine, Europe, Russia

IRIS – Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques

L’IRIS, association créée en 1991 reconnue d’utilité publique, est un think tank français travaillant sur les thématiques géopolitiques et stratégiques, le seul de dimension internationale à avoir été créé sur une initiative totalement privée, dans une démarche indépendante.

Les enjeux sécuritaires du stress hydrique en Europe du Sud [Research]
Research description: The publication discusses the implications of water stress on security in Southern Europe, emphasizing the need for strategic awareness in military operations.
Quote: “The increasing water stress exacerbated by climate change poses significant risks to military operations and societal stability in Southern Europe.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques (IRIS)
Author: Éléonore Duffau – Researcher at the Climat, Énergie et Sécurité program at IRIS
Countries: France, Southern Europe

France-Israël : un match de soccer sous haute tension [Post]
Post description: The match is highlighting political tensions and the call for boycott reflects deeper issues regarding France-Israel relations.
Quote: “Ce jeudi aura lieu un match de football entre l’équipe de France et l’équipe d’Israël. […] Cependant, un appel au boycott de ce match se fait entendre.”
Mentioned individuals: Emmanuel Macron
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS
Author: Pascal Boniface – Director of IRIS, an expert on international relations and geopolitical issues.
Countries: France, Israel

War in Ukraine, Taurus Missiles, Russian Espionage: Is Germany in Trouble? [Interview]
Interview description: The article emphasizes Germany’s evolving role in supporting Ukraine in the ongoing conflict, the hesitance regarding heavy weapon deliveries, and the implications of espionage on national security policy.
Quote: “Germany is currently refusing to supply Taurus missiles with a range of over 500km for fear that they could reach Russian territory, and even Moscow from Ukraine’s north-eastern border.”
Mentioned individuals: Olaf Scholz, Emmanuel Macron
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS
Author: Jacques-Pierre Gougeon – Senior Research Fellow at IRIS, with expertise in international relations and defense policy.
Countries: Germany, Ukraine, Russia

Climat, énergie et sécurité | IRIS [Research]
Research description: The interplay between climate change and energy sectors impacts security and defense strategies on an international scale.
Quote: “The grouping of the themes ‘climate’ and ‘energy’ is now sensible due to the established link between climate change and the growth of greenhouse gas emissions.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS, DGRIS
Author: Julia Tasse – Director of Research at IRIS, responsible for the Climate, Energy and Security program
Countries: France, United States

Les armées françaises face au stress hydrique : enjeux, défis et perspectives d’adaptation [Webinar]
Webinar description: The publication focuses on the challenges posed by hydric stress in Southern Europe for the French military, discussing health implications for soldiers and operational impacts.
Quote: “Les défis pour les emprises, pour la santé des soldats comme pour les opérations, ainsi que les perspectives de coopération et d’adaptation associées.”
Mentioned individuals: Julia Bonneau-Dorin, Virginie Charrier, Élénore Duffau, Colonel Vincent Minguet, Pierre Spieser, Julia Tasse, François Gémenne
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS, Direction générale des relations internationales et de la stratégie (DGRIS)
Author: IRIS – Institut de Relations Internationales et Stratégiques –
Countries: France

The Impact of the War in Ukraine on the European Defence Market [Research]
Research description: The study emphasizes the need for a reassessment of European defence capabilities and strategies in the light of new territorial threats and economic dynamics.
Quote: “The recent developments necessitate a profound reevaluation of how Europe perceives its security and defense strategies amidst escalating global tensions.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS, IISS
Author: The French Institute for International and Strategic Affairs (IRIS) – Institute for International Relations research institute focused on strategic issues.
Countries: Ukraine, European countries

Sommet des BRICS+ à Kazan : quelle orientation pour la politique étrangère russe ? [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The summit highlights Russia’s ongoing re-engagement with the Global South and its efforts to counteract perceived isolation from Western powers.
Quote: “Le sommet des BRICS+ à Kazan démontre, s’il en était encore besoin, que la Russie n’est pas aussi isolée qu’on le prétend en Occident.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: BRICS+
Author: Igor Delanoë – Deputy Director of the Franco-Russian Observatory and Doctor in History
Countries: Russia

Vers la Troisième Guerre mondiale ? [Post]
Post description: The reinforcement of Russian operational capabilities and the involvement of North Korea in the conflict may not signal the onset of a Third World War but could exacerbate existing tensions on a global scale.
Quote: “Le renforcement évident des capacités opérationnelles russes ne signe pas le début d’une Troisième Guerre mondiale, mais constitue une amplification de la guerre.”
Mentioned individuals: Volodymyr Zelensky, Xi Jinping, Vladimir Putin
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS
Author: Pascal Boniface – Director of IRIS, expert in geopolitical studies and international relations.
Countries: North Korea, Russia, Ukraine, United States

La France au Maroc : la grande réconciliation [News]
News description: The article discusses the changing diplomatic landscape between France and Morocco, focusing on past tensions and new opportunities for cooperation.
Quote: “The burning issue concerns the possible recognition of Moroccan sovereignty over Western Sahara by France.”
Mentioned individuals: Emmanuel Macron, President Tebboune
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS
Author: Pascal Boniface – Director of the Institute for International and Strategic Relations (IRIS), expert in geopolitics and international relations.
Countries: France, Morocco, Algeria

Equilibres internationaux et mondialisation [Blogpost]
Blogpost description: The analysis covers the strategic importance of international balances and the impact of globalization on global policies.
Quote: “This publication reveals the need for a nuanced understanding of geopolitics in the context of globalization.”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: –
Author: Pascal Boniface – Director of IRIS, a prominent French think tank specializing in international geopolitics.
Countries: –

Trump / Harris : divergences de forme ou de fond ? [Post]
Post description: The article discusses the contrasting styles and policies of Harris and Trump, especially regarding NATO, Ukraine, and Middle East conflicts, emphasizing how their approaches will impact global relations.
Quote: “However, it is evident that their approaches differ. The restraint of K. Harris opposes the brutality of D. Trump, and these differences in methods will influence the future of the United States’ relations with their partners and rivals.”
Mentioned individuals: Kamala Harris, Donald Trump
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS
Author: Pascal Boniface – Director of IRIS, expert in geopolitical issues and international relations.
Countries: United States

Le clivage démocratie / dictature : mythe ou réalité ? [Interview]
Interview description: The geopolitical landscape is increasingly viewed through the lens of democracy versus dictatorship, though this perspective may overlook the complexities of political realities.
Quote: “L’opposition démocratie/dictature devient-elle le nouveau clivage géopolitique majeur ? La réalité n’est-elle pas plus complexe ?”
Mentioned individuals: –
Mentioned Organizations: IRIS, La Croix
Author: Thomas Hofnung – Chief of the International Service at La Croix and former journalist at Libération.
Countries: –